Bell Ringer: Review "AP History Disciplinary Practices" and "II. Thematic Learning Objectives" (15 min)
TRANSFORMATION OF NORTH AMERICA 1450-1700: PART 1
Introduction: Analyze "Thematic Understanding" on page 5. In pairs or groups, select a column from the table. Analyze and present to the class major changes that happened in the the world according to your designated column between 1450 and 1700. (10 min)
Questions to Consider:
1. How did the Protestant Reformation and the response of the Catholic Church influence the colonization of the Americas in these years?
2. In the realm of "Work, Exchange, and Technology," how did colonial economies evolve, and what roles did Native American and African labor play in them?
(10 min)
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Aim: How did the political, economic, and religious systems of Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans compare, and how did things change as a result of contacts among them?
Objectives:
Agenda:
THE NATIVE AMERICAN EXPERIENCE (various)
1. Journal 1 - What factors allowed for the development of empires in central Mexico and the Andes? (10 min)
2. Journal 2 - How did the landscape, climate, and resources influence the development of Native American societies? (10 min)
3. Discussion: How did lack of contact with the Eurasian landmass affect the Western Hemisphere? Analyze maps 1.1 and 1.2. (WOR)
4. The Aztecs used religiously motivated human sacrifice to carry out political ends; to impress enemies, allies, and subjects with the immense power of their gods. (CUL)
Cahokia
5. America Compared "Altered Landscapes": discuss and answer questions. (GEO)
1. Morton appreciates how burning makes the land more passable, but is concerned with the danger uncontrolled fires present to colonial settlements.
2. Benefits: The ease with which you can clear an area and then keep that area clear so that agriculture can be practiced and animals more readily hunted.
HISTORICAL THINKING SKILLS
6. COMPARISON: Compare the relationship of the Mississippian and ancestral Pueblo peoples to their physical environment through either a class discussion or a short writing assignment.
7. PATTERNS OF CONTINUITY AND CHANGE OVER TIME: Note the major characteristics of trade networks in the Americas prior to European arrival. How did these networks operate? What impact did they have on native societies? Who benefited from them? Compare these trade networks to large scale trade networks between Europeans and American Indians, such as the the fur trade discussed in Chapter 2. What changed between the two trading systems? What remained the same?
10. Stress the importance of understanding how Indian and European world views differed on key points such as religion, trade relations, gender roles, and warfare. (CUL or WOR)
Terms to know: tribute, matriarchal, animism,
Home Learning:
2. Journal 3 - How did Native Americans' conceptions of the spiritual world influence their daily lives?
3. Read pages 18-25
4. Journal 4 - In what ways were the lives of Europeans similar to and different from those of Native Americans?
Enrichment:
1. Summary of Cahokia, including its decline and overall relevance to later developments, is Nathan Seppa, "Ancient Cahokia: Metropolitan Life on the Mississippi"
Journal responses:
J1 / A: Agricultural surplus contributed to population growth and allowed dense populations to live together, which led to the development of populous, urbanized, and wealthy societies in Mexico and Peru. (identify causes)
J2 / A: Landscape, climate, and resources deeply influenced the development of Native American societies. Regions with bountiful landscapes were more prone to host highly developed, complex, and stratified societies, such as the Aztec and Mayan and Mississippi Valley civilizations. In areas with harsher, less forgiving climates, native peoples were less likely to develop complex urban societies. (explain consequences)
