Chapter 15 Quiz-Quiz-Trade Qs & As

1.     Q - Who were the Conquistadores? 
A - conquerors who soon arrived in the Americas. They seized Native Americans’ gold and land.

2. Q - Define immunity.
A - resistance to diseases spread rapidly

3. Q - Describe three reasons why Conquistadores were able to conquer the Natives?
A - Guns, Disease, Horses

4. Q - Who was Hernan Cortes?
A - The conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire in Mexico

5. Q - Who was Francisco Pizarro? 
A - The conquistador who conquered the Inca in Peru

6. Q - Who was Montezuma I? 
A - The last Aztec ruler who was conquered by Hernan Cortes

7. Q - What happened to Tenochtitlan?
A - It was the capital city of the Aztec empire and after it was conquered by Spain it became Mexico City

8. Q - How did Spanish conquistadors treat the Tainos? 
A - The Spanish treated the Tainos harshly. The Conquistadors assaulted Taino men and women, claimed their land for Spain, and seized some to take back to the Spanish king. The Spanish killed any Tainos who dared to resist.

9. Q - What impact did the Aztecs’ religious beliefs have on Cortes’ approach to Tenochtitlan? 
A - Montezuma wondered if the leader of the pale-skinned, bearded strangers might be Quetzalcoatl, an Aztec god-king who had long ago vowed to return from the east. Since Montezuma wasn’t sure, he didn’t know how to respond. 

10. Q - What factors encouraged Spanish success in Peru?
A - The Incas were having a civil war when the Spanish arrived.

11. Q - In what ways did Native Americans resist Europeans? 
A - the Aztecs fought against the Spanish, revolts erupted in Central and South America. They also preserved aspects of their own native cultures, including language, religious traditions, and clothing. 

12. Q - Who were viceroys? 
A - representatives who ruled in the name of the King in the Americas

13. Q - Describe the Encomienda system
A - the right to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans in a particular area. Conquistadors used this system  to force Native Americans to work under the most brutal conditions. Those who resisted were killed

14. Q - Who was Bartolome de las Casas? 
A - a priest who condemned the evils of the encomienda system. He recommended to bring workers from Africa, instead of using the Natives who were dying. 

15. Q - Who were the peninsulares? 
A - people born in Spain who ruled in America

16. Q - Who were the creoles? 
A - American-born descendants of Spanish settlers. Creoles owned most of the plantations, ranches, and mines. 

17. Q - Who were the mestizos? 
A - people of Native American and European descent

18. Q - Who were the mulattoes? 
A - people of African and European descent

19. Q - What European country founded Brazil?
A - Portugal

20. Q - What European country founded Canada? 
A - France

21. Q - Why did French settlers abandon farming in favor of fur trapping and trading? 
A - It was more profitable, since Canada’s climate was not good for farming

22. Q - What European country founded 13 colonies in the Eastern coast of North America? 
A - England

23. - Q - Why was the French & Indian War fought?
A - for control of North America

24. Q - Who fought in the French & Indian War? 
A - the French and Indians vs. English and English Colonists

25. Q - Who won the French & Indian War? 
A. England, France was kicked out of North America 

26. Q - Why is Olaudah Equino’s story significant? 
A - He was an enslaved African who told the story of the Africans who were brought to America against their will in the Middle Passage.

27. Q - What was the triangular trade route?
A - A three-legged international trade network between America, Europe, and Africa. 

28. Q - What was the Middle Passage? 
A - The second leg of the triangular trade route where slaves were transported to America and traded for sugar, molasses, and other products manufactured at plantations owned by Europeans

29. Q - How did triangular trade affect colonial economies? 
A - Industries and cities thrived. It made money for a lot of Europeans. Merchants grew wealthy. A shipbuilding industry grew in New England and many cities grew

30. Q - What was the Columbian Exchange?
A - A vast global exchange of goods and cultural elements that would profoundly affect the world. 

31. Q - What was the commercial revolution?
A - A period in European history after Columbus arrived in America when inflation rose rapidly

32. Q - What is capitalism?
A - an economic system in which most businesses are owned privately. 

33. Q - What is mercantilism? 
A - An economic theory that states that a nations’s real wealth was measured in its gold and silver treasure. To build its supply of gold and silver, they said, a nation must export more goods than it imports.