1. Q - Who were the Conquistadores?
A - conquerors who soon arrived in the Americas.
They seized Native Americans’ gold and land.
2. Q - Define immunity.
A - resistance to diseases spread rapidly
3. Q - Describe three reasons why Conquistadores
were able to conquer the Natives?
A - Guns, Disease, Horses
4. Q - Who was Hernan Cortes?
A - The conquistador who conquered the Aztec
Empire in Mexico
5. Q - Who was Francisco Pizarro?
A - The conquistador who conquered the Inca in
Peru
6. Q - Who was Montezuma I?
A - The last Aztec ruler who was conquered by
Hernan Cortes
7. Q - What happened to Tenochtitlan?
A - It was the capital city of the Aztec empire
and after it was conquered by Spain it became Mexico City
8. Q - How did Spanish conquistadors treat the
Tainos?
A - The Spanish treated the Tainos harshly. The
Conquistadors assaulted Taino men and women, claimed their land for Spain, and
seized some to take back to the Spanish king. The Spanish killed any Tainos who
dared to resist.
9. Q - What impact did the Aztecs’ religious
beliefs have on Cortes’ approach to Tenochtitlan?
A - Montezuma wondered if the leader of the
pale-skinned, bearded strangers might be Quetzalcoatl, an Aztec god-king who
had long ago vowed to return from the east. Since Montezuma wasn’t sure, he
didn’t know how to respond.
10. Q - What factors encouraged Spanish success
in Peru?
A - The Incas were having a civil war when the
Spanish arrived.
11. Q - In what ways did Native Americans resist
Europeans?
A - the Aztecs fought against the Spanish,
revolts erupted in Central and South America. They also preserved aspects of
their own native cultures, including language, religious traditions, and
clothing.
12. Q - Who were viceroys?
A - representatives who ruled in the name of the
King in the Americas
13. Q - Describe the Encomienda system
A - the right to demand labor or tribute from
Native Americans in a particular area. Conquistadors used this system to
force Native Americans to work under the most brutal conditions. Those who
resisted were killed
14. Q - Who was Bartolome de las Casas?
A - a priest who condemned the evils of the
encomienda system. He recommended to bring workers from Africa, instead of
using the Natives who were dying.
15. Q - Who were the peninsulares?
A - people born in Spain who ruled in America
16. Q - Who were the creoles?
A - American-born descendants of Spanish
settlers. Creoles owned most of the plantations, ranches, and mines.
17. Q - Who were the mestizos?
A - people of Native American and European
descent
18. Q - Who were the mulattoes?
A - people of African and European descent
19. Q - What European country founded Brazil?
A - Portugal
20. Q - What European country founded Canada?
A - France
21. Q - Why did French settlers abandon farming
in favor of fur trapping and trading?
A - It was more profitable, since Canada’s
climate was not good for farming
22. Q - What European country founded 13
colonies in the Eastern coast of North America?
A - England
23. - Q - Why was the French & Indian War
fought?
A - for control of North America
24. Q - Who fought in the French & Indian
War?
A - the French and Indians vs. English and
English Colonists
25. Q - Who won the French & Indian War?
A. England, France was kicked out of North
America
26. Q - Why is Olaudah Equino’s story
significant?
A - He was an enslaved African who told the
story of the Africans who were brought to America against their will in the
Middle Passage.
27. Q - What was the triangular trade route?
A - A three-legged international trade network
between America, Europe, and Africa.
28. Q - What was the Middle Passage?
A - The second leg of the triangular trade route
where slaves were transported to America and traded for sugar, molasses, and
other products manufactured at plantations owned by Europeans
29. Q - How did triangular trade affect colonial
economies?
A - Industries and cities thrived. It made money
for a lot of Europeans. Merchants grew wealthy. A shipbuilding industry grew in
New England and many cities grew
30. Q - What was the Columbian Exchange?
A - A vast global exchange of goods and cultural
elements that would profoundly affect the world.
31. Q - What was the commercial revolution?
A - A period in European history after Columbus
arrived in America when inflation rose rapidly
32. Q - What is capitalism?
A - an economic system in which most businesses
are owned privately.
33. Q - What is mercantilism?
A - An economic theory that states that a
nations’s real wealth was measured in its gold and silver treasure. To build
its supply of gold and silver, they said, a nation must export more goods than
it imports.
